The proposal, which is expected to be officially unveiled this week is titled the “Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013.”

Sens. Chuck Schumer (D-N.Y.) and John McCain (R-Ariz.) — members of the bipartisan group that crafted the bill — will go to the White House today to meet with President Barack Obama about the immigration bill, according to a source familiar with the meeting.

The legislation would have a far-reaching impact on virtually every corner of the American economy.

In other compromises, the bill would reduce the categories of family members eligible for green cards, eliminating siblings of United States citizens and limiting sons and daughters of citizens to those under 31 years of age. It would eliminate a lottery that has distributed 55,000 visas each year. Those visas would be used to reduce backlogs of applicants elsewhere in the system. Republicans have sought to limit what they call family chain migration and to accomplish changes without increasing the overall number of visas.

Undocumented Immigrants

There would be two tracks: one based on the number of points immigrants could accumulate, with a fixed annual numerical cap, and another for immigrants who have been legally employed and living in the United States in good standing for 10 years or more. The second track would not have a cap.  Formerly, undocumented immigrants would be eligible to apply for initial adjustment of status referred to as  “Registered Provision Immigrant” (RPI) legal status following the filing of the Notice of Commencement of Completion by Secretary Napolitano (DHS) for each of the border security and fencing strategies.  Only undocumented immigrants who arrived in the country before Dec. 31, 2011, would be eligible for RPI status.   After 10 years, aliens in RPI status may adjust to Lawful Permanent Resident Status through the same Merit Based System everyone else must use to earn a green-card.  They must also wait until all people currently waiting for family and employment green-cards  have been cleared through the system.

The border security programs would be required to evidence a 90% effectiveness rate before any immigrants who have been here illegally would be able to apply for permanent resident green cards, achieving a series of border-security benchmarks that would require the Department of Homeland Security to spend as much as $5.5 billion over 10 years to increase enforcement and extend fencing along the Southwest border.

Undocumented immigrants would be ineligible if they have been convicted of a felony, aggravated felony, three or more misdemeanors, an offense under foreign law or unlawfully voted.

Undocumented immigrants who were deported for non-criminal reasons would be able to apply to re-enter the country if they are the spouse or parent of a child who is a citizen or lawful permanent resident, or they arrived during childhood and are eligible for the DREAM Act.  People in DREAM Act Status and the Agricultural Program can obtain their green cards in 5 years and DREAM Act kids will be eligible for citizenship immediately after they get their green cards.

High Skilled Visas

The legislation would give employers in technology and science fields tens of thousands of new temporary and permanent resident visas annually, which they have been urgently seeking for tech workers and foreign graduates with advanced degrees from American universities. It immediately raises current annual caps on temporary high-skilled visas, such as H-1Bs, to 110,000 from 65,000, while adding 5,000 more of those visas for the foreign graduates. The cap would gradually rise to 180,000 annually.

Start-Up Visa

The legislation would create a “start-up” visa for foreign entrepreneurs who want to come here to establish companies that employ Americans.

Two New Guest Worker Programs

The bill also responds to the demands of American farmers and other employers of seasonal workers by creating two new guest-worker programs, one for farmworkers and another for low-wage laborers.

One major overhaul is the new classification for low-skilled workers. Called the W-visa, a new independent statistical agency is created — the Immigration and Labor Market Research Bureau — which is to be headed by a commissioner appointed by the president and with the consent of the Senate. The new bureau would get $20 million to devise a method to calculate the low-skilled worker visa cap, determine worker shortages, survey the unemployment rate of construction workers every three months and give annual recommendations on how to improve the programs. Employer fees and other fees for hiring undocumented workers will also be used to fund the bureau.

The number of low-skilled visas available starts at 20,000 in its first year, followed by 35,000 in the second, 55,000 in the third year and 75,000 the following year. Employers must hire W-visa holders at the same wage of other employees of similar experience, or at the prevailing wage. The bill also requires that companies have not laid off an employee 90 days prior to or after hiring a guest worker.

The program also singles out the construction industry, saying no more than 33 percent of the W-visa positions would be granted to the construction industry, capping it at 15,000 per year.

Mandatory Employer Verification System

A significant change for employers would be a mandatory employer verification system to check the immigration status of their employees. With a five-year phase-in period based on size of the business, employers would be required to certify that non-citizen workers presented a “biometric green card” that matches a photo stored in an e-verify system.

Highlights Regarding Legal Immigration

The bill repeals the availability of immigrant visas for siblings of U.S. citizens once 18 months have elapsed since the date of enactment;  amends the definition of “immediate relative” to include a child or spouse of an alien admitted for lawful permanent residence; amends the existing category for married sons and daughters of citizens of the United States to include only sons and daughters who are under 31 years of age.

For Employment Green-Card Categories:  The bill exempts the following categories from the annual numerical limits on employment-based immigrants: derivative beneficiaries of employment-based immigrants; aliens of extraordinary ability in the sciences, arts, education, business or athletics; outstanding professors and researchers; multinational executives and managers; doctoral degree holders in any field; and certain physicians.

The bill will allocate 40 percent of the worldwide level of employment-based visas to :

1) members of the professions holding advanced degrees or their equivalent whose services are sought in the sciences, arts, professions, or business by an employer in the United States (including certain aliens with foreign medical degrees) and

2) aliens who have earned a master’s degree or higher in a field of science, technology, engineering or mathematics from an accredited U.S. institution of higher education and have an offer of employment in a related field and the qualifying degree was earned in the five years immediately before the petition was filed.

The bill increases the percentage of employment visas for skilled workers, professionals, and other professionals to 40 percent; maintains the percentage of employment visas for certain special immigrants to 10 percent and maintains visas for those who foster employment creation to 10 percent.

For more on the bill, please refer to the 17-page Senate Outline referenced below.

In closing, the NY Times states:

“The senators are gambling that the bill will repair enough longstanding problems in the system to attract support from a broad array of groups who will benefit from those changes, including Latinos, religious groups and labor unions who support the path to citizenship for those here illegally; big technology companies like Microsoft and Facebook, which have been clamoring for more visas for engineers and computer specialists; agricultural growers and other employers in labor-intensive businesses; and immigrant families who stand to be united more quickly with family members coming here legally.”

Article Resources:

Outline of the Bill

Politico

NY Times

The National Immigration Law Center released this week FAQ’s concerning worksite rights for DACA employees.  The information is very helpful for those who are applying for DACA and for those who have been granted deferred action under the DACA Program.  There is also some excellent guidance for employers concerning the I-9 form for DACA new and existing employees, social security cards, employment verification letters, and more.  We also link to a previous blog post with updated FAQ information on the USCIS website.

Please be aware that this is ‘general’ information only.  We always recommend that you seek guidance from a skilled immigration attorney or professional who is familiar with DACA and employer compliance issues.  As always, we are available to work with you on your casework and to assist employers with employment eligibility verification issues.  Please contact one of our immigration professionals at info@immigrationcompliancegroup.com or call 562 612.3996 and visit our I-9 Employer Resource Center.

By: Timothy Sutton, Communications Editor

The State of Arizona behind Governor Jan Brewer has made their position clear, they do not support Deferred Action Childhood Arrivals. Brewer signed her own executive order to “defend” Arizona from President Obama’s Deferred Action Program. Executive Order 2012-06 alleges that because DACA workers are not given lawful status, but merely deferred status, DACA recipients can be legally denied the right to obtain a driver’s license or any public benefit.

Brewer justifies her executive order as a defense against DACA which she refers to as “federal paperwork,” that will result in “significant and lasting impacts on the Arizona budget, it’s healthcare system and additional public benefits that Arizona taxpayers fund.” A Brewer spokesperson sited specific public benefits that DACA holders will not be eligible for: KidsCare, a children’s health-insurance program; unemployment benefits; business and professional licenses and government contracts.

Legal challenges to Brewer opposition of Obama’s DACA program are expected this week. Under the REAL ID Act of 2005 Sec.202(C)(B)(2)(viii), a federal law that modified requirements for state driver’s licenses and ID cards, “deferred action” is a term used for those eligible for state issued identification and driver’s licenses. According to NBC News, Regina Jefferies a local Phoenix attorney, criticized Brewer’s executive order saying, “Immigrants in Arizona have in the past been granted “deferred action” for other reasons long before the new Childhood Arrivals program was announced.” Additionally, Brewer’s spokesperson said that DACA students would not receive in-state tuition pricing.

After Brewer’s announcement, protester’s outside of the Arizona state capital waived signs that read, “Why the hate?” This sentiment raises the question, is Brewer guilty of playing politics with immigrant lives? Certainly, extreme curtailing of the DACA program by states like Arizona (and Florida) appears to be less about state preservation than politics. This preemptive strike against the Presidential Executive Order is a sign of the strong resistance to come for future immigration reform that favors inclusion over deportation.

California officials announced they would honor the DACA program and issue driver’s licenses to eligible persons. As temporary California residents, DACA beneficiaries will be afforded in-state tuition pricing, driver’s licenses, and the temporary ability to seek employment.

The national success of the DACA program shall remain closely monitored. We will continue to keep you updated on this and other breaking immigration news. If your business has questions about the DACA program or hiring from this temporary workforce, contact one of our immigration professionals at info@immigrationcompliancegroup.com or call 562 612.3996.

Please check out our news and stay informed.

More articles:  AZ Denies Dreamers GED Classes 

Driver’s Licenses Vary by State

By:  Timothy Sutton, Communications Editor

California’s governor is poised to sign a bill AB 1081 dubbed “The Anti-Arizona Act,” officially titled: Transparency and Responsibility Using State Tools or California TRUST Act. The bill is an attempt by California legislators to set a national precedent: local government opting-out of enforcing federal immigration policies. This anti-Arizona legislation arguably mirrors the purpose of Arizona’s SB 1070, selective enforcement of federal immigration laws. Without question, immigration laws are under federal jurisdiction. Enforcement of immigration law is not within the discretionary powers of a state or local government. The TRUST Act is an attempt by California to allow local government to back out of an agreement with the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Secure Communities program signed in 2008.

Secure Communities requires that police and law enforcement provide the federal government with fingerprints of criminal suspects detained by local authorities. These fingerprints are run through a federal database for dangerous undocumented criminals; upon discovery of any prior criminal record, undocumented detainees will be placed into expedited deportation proceedings. California’s initiative to overrule nationally implemented immigration programs is teetering on a slippery slope.

AB 1081 requires:

• Local governments pass “opt-in” ordinances in order to continue participation in the Secure Communities Program
• Submit “anti-racial profiling” plans to the DOJ and monitoring associated with Secure Communities participation
• The modified participation agreement must include safeguards against racial profiling not limited to:
  • Prohibiting driver’s license checkpoints to obtain fingerprints
  • Establishing an expedited complaint system to review claims prior to removal

Businesses may resent the current administration’s attack on their hiring or employment practices. An unprecedented number of ICE audits, sanctions, civil lawsuits and multi-agency (most recently the SEC) investigations threaten employer’s economic welfare. Nonetheless, allowing states to opt-out of immigration agreements may lead to further complications in the future for American businesses.

While many Americans remain divided on a national Dream Act (deportation stay for undocumented college students), few agree that state enforcement over immigration laws further confuses an already troublesome issue. The solution is to find a nationally supported immigration policy that allows American businesses to thrive, but keeps our borders secure. Critics of AB 1081 believe California will become a “refuge” for undocumented aliens. Currently, our broken immigration system has conflicting policies on employee screening, visa application/renewal, and undocumented criminal deportation. Until the politics of immigration subside, businesses should seek legal assistance to ensure their compliance with ever-changing immigration policies.

Immigration Compliance Group has real-world experience in  business and employment-related immigration and compliance matters, ensuring your company’s future is secure. For more breaking immigration news signup to stay informed and contact our office at 562 612.3996 or email info@immigrationcompliancegroup.com.